40 by 40: Gender equity in engineering and technology education
A list of all the online references footnoted in the printed publication
A blueprint for action
2 The Gender Pathways collective
3 The education pathways into engineering and technology we refer to include:
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relevant optional STEM subjects at GCSE level
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post-16 education up to the age of 18 including relevant STEM A Levels, T Levels in engineering and technology related subjects, and vocational qualifications
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further details can be found in the supporting evidence paper
4 The Economic Impact of Equal Opportunities in the Digital Economy report
5 Women and Employment briefing, 2026
6 Engineering skills needs, Lightcast and EngineeringUK, 2023
7 How much could women earn in engineering and technology roles if they were employed in equal numbers to men, EngineeringUK 2026
8 Women in engineering and technology infographic dashboard, EngineeringUK
10 GCSE, VTQ and Scottish National 5 results day briefing 2026, EngineeringUK
11 and 12 A Level and Scottish Highers results report 2026, EngineeringUK
13 Context setting paper: gender pathways into engineering and technology, EngineeringUK
14 T Levels and VTQ results 2026, EngineeringUK
17 Warning over grades for white working class girls, BBC File on 4 Investigates, 2026
18 ASPIRES 2: Young people’s science and career aspirations, age 10 to 19, Archer, L., Moote, J., MacLeod, E., Francis, B., & DeWitt, J., 2020, UCL Institute of Education
19 Science Education Tracker 2023, The Royal Society and EngineeringUK, 2024
20 Girls' Attitudes Survey 2025, Girlguiding
21 Effect of sex on specialty training application outcomes: a longitudinal administrative data study of UK medical graduates, Woolf K, Jayaweera H, Unwin E, et al. (2019)
22 Diversity in law firms' workforce, Solicitors Regulation Authority, 2026
23 Exploring the Impact of Social, Cultural, and Science Factors on Students’ STEM Career Preferences, Research in Science Education, Springer Nature Link, 2024
25 Old Skills, New Skills – what is changing in the UK labour market?, Institute for the Future of Work, 2024
26 Women in construction: Striving for equality on site, Ground Engineering, 2026
27 For example, Every child achieving and thriving
28 Inquiry on equity in STEM education: final report, APPG on Diversity and Inclusion in STEM, 2020
32 Sustained STEM Engagement framework, EngineeringUK, 2026
33 Advancing STEM careers provision in England, EngineeringUK, 2025
34 Careers Education 2022/23: Now & Next, The Careers & Enterprise Company, 2024
35 See EUK Education for free accessible STEM career resources
36 First Clean Energy Jobs Fair held at Port of Tyne, GOV.UK press release, 2025
37 First Youth Guarantee jobs fair brings big employers together to unlock opportunities for young people, GOV.UK press release, 2026
38 See EUK Education for free accessible STEM career resources
40 Start Small; Dream Big Primary Pilot Final evaluation report, Department for Education and The Careers & Enterprise Company, ImpactEd Evaluation, 2025
41 EngineeringUK's Tomorrow’s Engineers Code check-in findings 2024/2025. Only 17% of 168 organisations involved in engineering and technology activities in 2024/25 said they used trained independent evaluators to monitor and evaluate their STEM outreach activities. Many identified improving their impact as something that they'd like more support with
Discover all the evidence behind 40 by 40: Gender equity in engineering and technology education.
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